Medications For ADHD
The most commonly prescribed treatment for ADHD is stimulants. They improve attention quickly and decrease impulsivity and hyperactivity. They can cause adverse effects such as stomach upset, headaches, and changes in blood-pressure and heart rate.
Amphétamines and methylphenidates are the two main classes of stimulants. They come in liquid and chewable form and are available as short-acting, intermediate- or long-acting substances.
Stimulants
The most commonly used medication for ADHD is stimulants. here boost brain chemicals dopamine and norepinephrine which increase attention and focus. They are available in immediate-release and extended-release versions. The most commonly used stimulants are methylphenidate (Ritalin, Concerta) and amphetamines and dextroamphetamine (Adderall). They can cause serious adverse reactions, and have a high potential for abuse. Such medications are best taken under the supervision of a doctor. L-tyrosine, a supplement that is natural, may also help to boost dopamine levels and norepinephrine levels. However it should be taken under the supervision of a physician.
The most effective treatments mix treatments, medication, behavioral changes, and training for skills. This is often referred to as multimodal treatment. The medicines can ease symptoms in children and adults but they do not cure the disease. To achieve the best results, they must be taken regularly. In many cases, medications must be adjusted to find the dosage that is effective in reducing symptoms with few side consequences.
Some sufferers feel their symptoms ease when they take a short-acting stimulant in the early morning, and then add an extended-release drug in the late afternoon and evening. This can help prevent the risk of a "crash", which can cause fatigue for a short time and a bad attitude.
In the past few decades, amphetamines have been widely abused by athletes, truck drivers, and students for non-medical purposes, primarily to stay awake and boost performance. These drugs can reach the brain quickly and provide the feeling of euphoria and energy, as well as alertness. They can be snorted, injected or taken in the form of a smoke. Certain of these drugs may also lead to addiction.
The FDA has approved atomoxetine, also known as Vyvanse (Vyvanse), and guanfacine (also known as Fastin (Guanfacine) to treat adult ADHD. These medications are alpha-2 adrenergic agonists, originally intended to lower high blood tension. These medications are effective in treating ADHD because they have a calming affect and reduce hyperactivity and aggression. These medications are not likely to cause serious side effects, however they can raise blood pressure and heart rate and can interact with some prescription or over-the counter medicines.
Other medications to treat ADHD include the clonidine (Kanerol) and antidepressants. They can help control ADHD symptoms for some people, but are frequently prescribed when stimulants don't provide sufficient relief or have undesirable adverse effects. Tricyclic antidepressants, such as imipramine or Nortriptyline may be effective in certain instances however they can cause side effects that are difficult to manage.
Treatment Options for ADHD
Many people with ADHD do not need to use medications, although they can benefit from learning healthy ways of life and coping strategies. Certain adults with mild or moderate symptoms can manage symptoms through diet and physical activity, while others need the help of a therapist. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is a kind of therapy that teaches techniques to alter the ways people think and behave. Other self-help techniques like diet changes and supplements, could be beneficial but should only be used with medical advice.